Kidney stones are hard stone-like substance that forms in the kidneys. They may not trouble you as long as they’re settled in one or both the kidneys. It’s only when a kidney stone moves out of the kidney and enters the ureter (the tube that carries urine) on its path

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Kidney stones are hard stone-like substance that forms in the kidneys. They may not trouble you as long as they’re settled in one or both the kidneys. It’s only when a kidney stone moves out of the kidney and enters the ureter (the tube that carries urine) on its path to the bladder that the pain starts. The pain can be from mild to severe based upon on the size and shape of the kidney stone. The stone can obstruct the flow of urine, and might result in bleeding as well.

Types of Kidney Stones

Calcium Stones:  These are the most frequently occurring kidney stones. These stones comprise of calcium and oxalate, which are introduced to the body through the food we eat. Excessive consumption of calcium and oxalate can assist form calcium stones. Moreover, too much vitamin D consumption, and hyperactive parathyroid glands can also cause kidney stones.

Struvite Stones: These stones aren’t really common and are found mostly in women. The bacteria that cause urinary tract infection are responsible for the production of ammonia. Struvite stones, also called infection stones, are formed when there is too much ammonia in the urine.

Uric Acid Stones:  People who eat meat products excessively run the risk of forming uric acid stones, as meat ingestion results in production of uric acid, a by-product of protein metabolism.

Cystine Stones: These are the least common of all stones and are made from cystine, an amino acid. Cystinuria, a hereditary disorder, is responsible for the formation of cystine stones.

Avoiding the Formation of Kidney Stones

o    The most effective preventive measure is drinking lots of fluids, especially water. Two to three liters of water a day is enough to flush your kidneys completely of contaminants.

o    Learn the kind of stones which are formed in the kidneys and also the cause of formation, as well. You could change your eating habits appropriately and adjust the intake of particular kinds of salts and minerals that help in the formation of kidney stones.

o    You could discuss the matter with your physician, who may advise you to decrease your calcium intake. Foods which are rich in calcium are milk and milk products, and leafy vegetables.

o    If your kidneys have uric acid stones, then minimizing your meat, poultry and fish consumption will surely help. Your physician may also prescribe medication to manage the uric acid level in the urine.

o    People, who get struvite stones, could be given antibiotics to assist eliminate bacterial infection.

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